Effect of Different Sugars on Shoot Induction in Cv. Basmati
نویسندگان
چکیده
Effect of various concentrations of different sugars was investigated for induction of root and shoot from basmati rice. Explant, seeds (grains) were transferred in 1⁄2 MS basal media fortified with different concentrations of carbon source like sucrose, maltose and dextrose. In vitro regenerated rice plantlets were healthy and attained a length of 16.17cm at 0.25 % concentration within a week. Only low concentration (0.25%) of dextrose exhibited the maximum shoot and root growth, out of three sugars. Maltose showed the moderate growth response of shoot and root length in all the concentrations. INTRODUCTION The composition of culture medium is a major determinant of In vitro growth of plants. The mineral salts sugar as carbon source and water are the main components for most plant tissue culture media (Gamborg and Phillips, 1995). Sugar is an important component in medium and its addition is essential for In vitro growth and development of plants because photosynthesis is insufficient, due to the growth taking place in conditions unsuitable for photosynthesis or without photosynthesis (Pierik, 1997). The sugar concentration chosen is dependant on the type and age of growth material; very young embryos require a relatively high sugar concentration. Generally the growth and development increases with sugar concentration, until an optimum is reached and then decreases at high concentrations. The most commonly used source of carbon is sucrose at a concentration of 25%. Glucose and fructose are also known to support good growth of some tissues (Bhojwani, Razdan, 2004).
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